Composting is an environmentally friendly recycling method that decomposes biological waste through natural processes and makes it beneficial to the soil. In this process, organic waste is broken down by microorganisms under aerobic conditions and turns into a substance called humus, rich in plant nutrients.
It reduces the amount of waste and relieves the burden of landfills.
It increases soil fertility and meets the need for natural fertilizers.
The composting process usually takes place in four stages:
Initial Phase 1-3 days
Microorganisms begin to decompose organic waste.
The temperature rises rapidly.
High Decomposition Phase
10-100 days
Complex components are broken down.
The temperature exceeds 40°C and harmful microorganisms are destroyed.
Stabilization Phase
10-100 days
Decomposition slows down, the temperature begins to drop.
Organic compounds are transformed into simpler forms.
Maturation Phase
1-6 months
The stable compost is ready for use as a nutrient-rich soil conditioner in agriculture and horticulture.
Proper composting becomes more efficient by maintaining a balance of moisture, oxygen, and carbon-nitrogen. Natural fertilizer production can be easily carried out by using biological materials such as domestic organic wastes, park and garden.
